Премия Румфорда
Премия Румфорда (англ. Rumford Prize) — научная награда Американской академии искусств и наук. Учреждена в 1796 году на денежные средства Бенджамина Томпсона (графа Румфорда), вручается с 1839 года за достижения в области тепла или света. Награда включает в себя медаль из золота и серебра. Все лауреаты на момент награждения жили в США или Канаде. Несколько лауреатов также получили европейскую медаль Румфорда: Сэмюэл Лэнгли, Джон Уильям Дрейпер, Роберт Вильямс Вуд.
| Премия Румфорда | |
|---|---|
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| Страна |
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| Тип | научная награда[вд] |
| Кем вручается | Американская академия искусств и наук |
| Статистика | |
| Дата учреждения | 1839 |
| Сайт | amacad.org/about/… (англ.) |
 Медиафайлы на Викискладе | |
Лауреаты
Эта статья или раздел содержит незавершённый перевод с английского языка. |
| Год вручения | Лауреат | Формулировка обоснования |
|---|---|---|
| 1839 | [англ.] | Inventor of the oxy-hydrogen blowpipe |
| 1862 | Эрикссон, Джон | His work improved the field of heat management, but the award was specifically for his invention of the caloric engine of 1858. |
| 1865 | [англ.] | Heat management. He was awarded especially for his contributions towards a "cannon of large caliber, and great strength and endurance". |
| 1866 | Кларк, Элвин | Improved refracting telescopes |
| 1869 | [англ.] | For improving the steam engine |
| 1871 | Joseph Harrison, Jr. | Towards his concern for safer steam boilers |
| 1873 | Резерфорд, Льюис Моррис | For improving the "processes and methods" of astronomical photography |
| 1875 | Дрейпер, Джон Уильям | For his work towards apprehending radiant energy |
| 1880 | Гиббс, Джозайя Уиллард | Founded the field of chemical thermodynamics |
| 1883 | Роуланд, Генри | For his research in light and heat |
| 1886 | Лэнгли, Сэмюэл Пирпонт | For his work towards the understanding of radiant energy |
| 1888 |  Майкельсон, Альберт Абрахам | Measured the velocity of light, and contribution towards the motion of the luminiferous ether, and absolute determination of the wavelengths of light |
| 1891 | Пикеринг, Эдуард Чарлз | For his work on stellar photometry and stellar spectra |
| 1895 | Эдисон, Томас Алва | For his investigations in [англ.] |
| 1898 | Килер, Джеймс Эдуард | For the applications of the spectroscope, and especially his investigations of nebulae and the physical contents of Saturn's rings |
| 1899 | [англ.] | For the development of the electric arc lamp |
| 1900 | [англ.] | For his heat research |
| 1901 | Томсон, Элиу | For his work in welding and lighting |
| 1902 | Хейл, Джордж Эллери | For his investigations in [англ.] and stellar physics and for the invention of the [англ.] |
| 1904 | [англ.] | For his research on radiation, radiation pressure, stellar heat, and the infrared spectrum |
| 1907 | Эдвард Ачесон | For the application of the electric furnace to the production of carborundum and graphite |
| 1909 | Вуд, Роберт Вильямс | For light-related discoveries, including the optical properties of sodium and other metallic vapors |
| 1910 | [англ.] | For his improvements to the steam turbine |
| 1911 | Крафтс, Джеймс Мейсон | For his work in thermometry, and the development of new fixed points on the scale |
| 1912 | [англ.] | For his inventions in color photography and photoengraving |
| 1913 | Стеббинс, Джоуэл | For the development of the selenium photometer and its application to scientific problems |
| 1914 | Уильям Дэвид Кулидж | For his invention of ductile tungsten |
| 1915 | Аббот, Чарлз Грили | For his research in [англ.] |
| 1917 | Бриджмен, Перси Уильямс | For his high-pressure thermodynamic breakthroughs |
| 1918 | Теодор Лайман | Awarded for his research on short-wave and long-wave wavelengths |
| 1920 | Ленгмюр, Ирвинг | For his research in thermionic and allied phenomena |
| 1925 | Расселл, Генри Норрис | Awarded for his research in [англ.] |
| 1926 | Комптон, Артур Холли | Awarded for his research in Roentgen rays |
| 1928 | [англ.] | For his research in spectrophotometry |
| 1930 | Пласкетт, Джон Стэнли | For his astronomical spectrographic research |
| 1931 | Комптон, Карл Тэйлор | He was awarded the medal for thermionics and spectroscopic research. |
| 1933 | Шепли, Харлоу | For his work with the luminosity of stars and galaxies |
| 1937 | Кобленц, Уильям | For his improvements in the measurement of heat and light |
| 1939 | [англ.] | "For pioneering improvements in spectroscopics" |
| 1941 | Зворыкин, Владимир Козьмич | Awarded for the creation of the iconoscope and other related devices |
| 1943 | [англ.] | For his contributions to photography |
| 1945 | Лэнд, Эдвин Герберт | For his inventions related to the application of polarized light |
| 1947 | [англ.] | For his research in bioluminescence |
| 1949 | Боуэн, Айра Спрейг | For his work on the identification of nebulium and for other outstanding works |
| 1951 | [англ.] | For his research in the field of optics |
| 1953 | Ферми, Энрико | For his investigations in electromagnetic radiation and nuclear energy |
| 1953 | Лэмб, Уиллис Юджин | Awarded for studying the hydrogen spectrum |
| 1953 | Онсагер, Ларс | For his investigations in thermodynamics related to transportation |
| 1955 | Франк, Джеймс | For his studies in the investigation of photosynthesis |
| 1957 | Субраманьян Чандрасекар | For his investigations of the radiative energy balance in stars |
| 1959 | Уолд, Джордж | For identifying the biochemical basis of vision |
| 1961 | Таунс, Чарлз Хард | For his development of the laser |
| 1963 | Бете, Ханс Альбрехт | For pioneering studies in stellar nucleosynthesis |
| 1965 | Samuel Collins[англ.]* | For the invention of the Collins Helium Cryostat and other pioneering work |
| 1965 | [англ.] | For his work on the molecular origin of bioluminescence |
| 1967 | Дикке, Роберт | For his contributions to microwave radiometry and to the understanding of atomic structure |
| 1967 | Ниль, Корнелис ван | For his contributions to the study of photosynthesis |
| 1968 | Шмидт, Мартен | For his work deducing the spectra of quasi-stellar objects |
| 1971 | M.I.T. Group John A. Ball, Alan H. Barrett, Bernard F. Burke, Joseph C. Carter, Patricia P. Crowther Canadian Group Norman W. Broten, R. M. Chisholm, John A. Galt, Herbert P. Cush, Thomas H. Legg, Jack L. Locke, Charles W. McLeish, Roger S. Richards, Jul Lin Yen NRAO–Cornell Group C. C. Bare, Carry G. Clark, Marshall H. Cohen, David L. Jauncey, Келлерманн, Кеннет | |
| 1973 | [англ.] | For pioneering the importance of symmetry in polyatomic molecules and for his active work in the field of microwave spectroscopy |
| 1976 | Росси, Бруно | For discovering the origins of cosmic radiation |
| 1980 | [англ.] | For researching the theory of, and working on the application of, fluorescence |
| 1980 | Янг Чжэньнин Миллс, Роберт | For development of a generalized gauge invariant field theory |
| 1985 | Демельт, Ханс [англ.] [англ.]
| Awarded for his work in the field of atomic spectroscopy |
| 1986 | [англ.] [англ.] [англ.] | For his work in developing infrared astronomy |
| 1992 | James R. Norris [англ.] [англ.] | Awarded for working towards the understanding of photosynthesis |
| 1996 | Мазер, Джон Кромвелл | For his research related to the cosmic microwave background |
| 2008 | Дрелл, Сидни Нанн, Сэмьюэл Перри, Уильям Джеймс Шульц, Джордж | For their efforts to reduce the global threat of nuclear weapons |
| 2015 | Капассо, Федерико Чо, Альфред | For their contributions to the field of laser technology |
Примечания
- Rumford Prize Recipients
Ссылки
- Список лауреатов
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Inventor of the oxy hydrogen blowpipe1862 Eriksson Dzhon His work improved the field of heat management but the award was specifically for his invention of the caloric engine of 1858 1865 angl Heat management He was awarded especially for his contributions towards a cannon of large caliber and great strength and endurance 1866 Klark Elvin Improved refracting telescopes1869 angl For improving the steam engine1871 Joseph Harrison Jr Towards his concern for safer steam boilers1873 Rezerford Lyuis Morris For improving the processes and methods of astronomical photography1875 Drejper Dzhon Uilyam For his work towards apprehending radiant energy1880 Gibbs Dzhozajya Uillard Founded the field of chemical thermodynamics1883 Rouland Genri For his research in light and heat1886 Lengli Semyuel Pirpont For his work towards the understanding of radiant energy1888 Majkelson Albert Abraham Measured the velocity of light and contribution towards the motion of the luminiferous ether and absolute determination of the wavelengths of light1891 Pikering Eduard Charlz For his work on stellar photometry and stellar spectra1895 Edison Tomas Alva For his investigations in angl 1898 Kiler Dzhejms Eduard For the applications of the spectroscope and especially his investigations of nebulae and the physical contents of Saturn s rings1899 angl For the development of the electric arc lamp1900 angl For his heat research1901 Tomson Eliu For his work in welding and lighting1902 Hejl Dzhordzh Elleri For his investigations in angl and stellar physics and for the invention of the angl 1904 angl For his research on radiation radiation pressure stellar heat and the infrared spectrum1907 Edvard Acheson For the application of the electric furnace to the production of carborundum and graphite1909 Vud Robert Vilyams For light related discoveries including the optical properties of sodium and other metallic vapors1910 angl For his improvements to the steam turbine1911 Krafts Dzhejms Mejson For his work in thermometry and the development of new fixed points on the scale1912 angl For his inventions in color photography and photoengraving1913 Stebbins Dzhouel For the development of the selenium photometer and its application to scientific problems1914 Uilyam Devid Kulidzh For his invention of ductile tungsten1915 Abbot Charlz Grili For his research in angl 1917 Bridzhmen Persi Uilyams For his high pressure thermodynamic breakthroughs1918 Teodor Lajman Awarded for his research on short wave and long wave wavelengths1920 Lengmyur Irving For his research in thermionic and allied phenomena1925 Rassell Genri Norris Awarded for his research in angl 1926 Kompton Artur Holli Awarded for his research in Roentgen rays1928 angl For his research in spectrophotometry1930 Plaskett Dzhon Stenli For his astronomical spectrographic research1931 Kompton Karl Tejlor He was awarded the medal for thermionics and spectroscopic research 1933 Shepli Harlou For his work with the luminosity of stars and galaxies1937 Koblenc Uilyam For his improvements in the measurement of heat and light1939 angl For pioneering improvements in spectroscopics 1941 Zvorykin Vladimir Kozmich Awarded for the creation of the iconoscope and other related devices1943 angl For his contributions to photography1945 Lend Edvin Gerbert For his inventions related to the application of polarized light1947 angl For his research in bioluminescence1949 Bouen Ajra Sprejg For his work on the identification of nebulium and for other outstanding works1951 angl For his research in the field of optics1953 Fermi Enriko For his investigations in electromagnetic radiation and nuclear energy1953 Lemb Uillis Yudzhin Awarded for studying the hydrogen spectrum1953 Onsager Lars For his investigations in thermodynamics related to transportation1955 Frank Dzhejms For his studies in the investigation of photosynthesis1957 Subramanyan Chandrasekar For his investigations of the radiative energy balance in stars1959 Uold Dzhordzh For identifying the biochemical basis of vision1961 Tauns Charlz Hard For his development of the laser1963 Bete Hans Albreht For pioneering studies in stellar nucleosynthesis1965 Samuel Collins angl For the invention of the Collins Helium Cryostat and other pioneering work1965 angl For his work on the molecular origin of bioluminescence1967 Dikke Robert For his contributions to microwave radiometry and to the understanding of atomic structure1967 Nil Kornelis van For his contributions to the study of photosynthesis1968 Shmidt Marten For his work deducing the spectra of quasi stellar objects1971 M I T GroupJohn A Ball Alan H Barrett Bernard F Burke Joseph C Carter Patricia P Crowther Canadian GroupNorman W Broten R M Chisholm John A Galt Herbert P Cush Thomas H Legg Jack L Locke Charles W McLeish Roger S Richards Jul Lin Yen NRAO Cornell GroupC C Bare Carry G Clark Marshall H Cohen David L Jauncey Kellermann Kennet For their work in the field of long baseline interferometry1973 angl For pioneering the importance of symmetry in polyatomic molecules and for his active work in the field of microwave spectroscopy1976 Rossi Bruno For discovering the origins of cosmic radiation1980 angl For researching the theory of and working on the application of fluorescence1980 Yang Chzhennin Mills Robert For development of a generalized gauge invariant field theory1985 Demelt Hans angl angl Ramzej Norman Foster Awarded for his work in the field of atomic spectroscopy1986 angl angl angl For his work in developing infrared astronomy1992 James R Norris angl angl Awarded for working towards the understanding of photosynthesis1996 Mazer Dzhon Kromvell For his research related to the cosmic microwave background2008 Drell Sidni Nann Semyuel Perri Uilyam Dzhejms Shulc Dzhordzh For their efforts to reduce the global threat of nuclear weapons2015 Kapasso Federiko Cho Alfred For their contributions to the field of laser technologyPrimechaniyaRumford Prize RecipientsSsylkiSpisok laureatov
